For although there is not a single aspect of European growth in which the decisive influence of Islamic culture is not traceable, nowhere is it so clear and momentous as in the genesis of that power which

مزاج مورخین نے تسلیم کیا ہے۔ یہاں ہم انسائیکلوپیڈیا برٹانیکا (1984) کا ایک پیراگراف نقل کرتے ہیں: Islamic culture is the most relevant to European science. There was active cultural contact between Arabic-speaking

particularly after studying such interpretations of physics as that of Eddington. It seemed that what we had thought of as laws of nature were only linguistic conventions, and that physics was not really