Muazzam ascended the throne of Delhi in 1708, choosing for himself the title of “Shah-e-Alam” (King of the world). Shah-e-Alam, however, did not realise at that time that he did not have long to live. Hardly

Deceiver), 3. Climate Change, 4. Dukhan (Smoke), 5. Fitnah Duhaima (Age of Uttern Confusion), 6. Ikhwan-e-Rasool (Brothers of

which God granted that I should do by His grace and mercy. So far as my experience goes, dua with ism-e-azaam is not at all a repetition of words, learned by rote and neither is it a dua which one can think

have welcomed it instead of becoming its enemy. In November 1967, I wrote an article, titled Daur-e Jadeed ko Jaanne ki Zarurat (Need for Understanding the Modern Age), was published in the Urdu weekly

a meaningful Hadith in Sahih al-Bukhari to this effect. According to this Hadith, Prophet Muhammad e, may peace be upon him, said: “God Almighty will strengthen this religion [Islam] through a fajir (one

light of what Muslims do in the name of Islam. Prophetic Perspective In a hadith the Prophet Muhammad e observed: My generation is the best one, then the second generation and then the third generation. (Sahih

THE GREATER JIHAD Defensive jihad under an established state—qital—is temporary. In contrast, jihad-e-nafs against oneself, to make God one’s focus and not deviate from the straight path, is a permanent